Envidia y cobardía
En estos meses hemos sido testigos de la movilización en la redes sociales para protestar, no sólo por la crisis económica, sino por la crisis ética que la ha originado.
Se ha culpado a políticos, funcionarios y empresarios por su participación. Sin lugar a duda, han tenido parte importante en el problema.
Por otro lado es nuestro derecho, además de obligación, señalar sus descuidos y omisiones para poner en evidencia a los culpables y si hace falta manifestarse para que la ciudadanía tome conciencia del problema.
Sin embargo, mi querido lector, no hay que olvidar que cada uno de nosotros somos igualmente responsables o al menos cómplices de la situación en que nos encontramos.
Hemos sido candil de la calle y obscuridad de nuestra casa.
Permitimos y permeamos conductas, actitudes y acciones que, en muchos casos, no solo perjudican a otros, también repercuten en nuestras personas.
Además de la corrupción parte del mecanismo que lubrica nuestra sociedad, hay otros factores que desgastan y provocan daño.
-Uno de ellos es la envidia.
Podría parecerle algo extraño, sin embargo, como la humedad, permea a nuestro entorno y sin darnos cuenta aparece sin aviso.
La envidia, como lo menciona Morgado* (2014) no es desear lo que los demás tienen, que, dicho sea de paso, podría ser natural cuando no se cuenta con mucho.
La envidia es “el deseo de que el otro, el envidiado, no tenga lo que tiene, de que no sea verdad lo que tiene o de que no sea verdad que lo tenga, de que no sea cierto su éxito o no sea tanta como parece su riqueza”. La verdadera envidia se centra en el otro, mas que en uno mismo.
El envidiado muchas veces ni se entera, al menos que se le haga una llamada de atención por alguien más.
Es el envidioso el que verdaderamente lo pasa mal.
La envidia más fuerte y corrosiva es cuando se genera de arriba hacia abajo, es decir, cuando es el “superior” que envidia al “inferior” ( en el caso de la estructura laboral jerarquizada) y puede agravarse cuando la persona que ocupa un puesto menor es más listo, o más carismático, más joven o más guapo.
Verse superado por alguien inferior, jerárquicamente hablando, es doloroso.
La envidia proximal es muy frecuente y se produce cuando los compañeros, colegas o amigos, tienen logros o éxitos que hace mas deseable lo que ellos alcanzan.
Hay una envida maligna que se desarrolla con lo deshonestidad y la conducta inmoral que abate todo principio ético y constituye una fuente inagotable y permanente de hostilidad al envidiado, mediante la desestimación de los logros y éxitos. Frases como: “En realidad su trabajo no es tan bueno, pues los hay mejores”, o “no es tan inteligente como parece” o “ lo que hace o vende es humo”.
Lo único que se hace con esto es mitigar el dolor que provoca el envidiado y con estas acciones intentar abatir el sufrimiento.
Es engañarse a uno mismo: “tapar el sol con un dedo”
Las personas más envidiosas tienden a sacrificar sus ganancias o logros para reducir los de sus rivales y ocasiona lo que en alemán se conoce como Schadenfreude o alegría maléfica y se manifiesta cuando el envidiado pierde o no logra sus metas o le va mal.
La envidia se acompaña de la cobardía : “En el corazón son liebres, gallinas en las entrañas, galgos de rápido vientre, que en épocas de paz ladran y en épocas de cañones desaparecen del mapa” (Estrofa de Los Cobardes, Miguel Hernández Gilabert 1910-1942).
Pues no dan la cara y sus acciones las hacen en el anonimato, con hipocresía y destruyendo con el veneno de su palabras a otros.
Al primer ministro británico Winston Churchill se le atribuye una frase lapidaria muy relevante, que viene al caso: “En la vida hay amigos, conocidos, adversarios, enemigos y compañeros de partido”.
Es necesario cambiar estas acciones. Como en la teoría del libre mercado que acompaña la frase “dejar hacer, dejar pasar, (Laissez-faire, Vincent de Gournay)”.
Es permitir la libertad de realizarse como individuo en la sociedad, con sus defectos y virtudes, su aciertos y errores, pero sobre todo aceptar a las personas como son, sin prejuicios o envidias.
Sin manipulaciones que ocasionen la distorsión de la realidad para beneficios de unos cuantos.(Noam Chomsky, filósofo y activista político).
Es cambiar la envidia por admiración que conlleva a la superación.
Es mejor orientarse en nuestras fortalezas y oportunidades que enfocarse en el cómo poder destruir al otro por envidia.
Si no puede hablar bien del otro, mejor no diga palabra alguna.
¡Hasta la próxima!
*Ignacio Morgado Bernal es catedrático de Psicobiología y director del Instituto de Neurociencia de la Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona. Autor de ‘Aprender, recordar y olvidar: claves cerebrales de la memoria y la educación’ (Ariel, 2014).
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